癌後保養不能少!4大要素有哪些?
治療好不容易結束了,我們該如何避免癌症復發?在恢復體力後,就可以開始進行飲食與運動改變計畫!
(延伸閱讀:健康均衡飲食)
綜合美國癌症學會等研究,痊癒後營養和身體活動指南,有4大建議!
- 保持健康體重:避免高熱量飲食攝取,保持良好體重,以下2大類食物不適合經常攝取
- 油炸食物:炸雞、薯條等
- 空熱量食物:可樂、汽水、糖果等
- 良好的身體活動:每週150分鐘中等強度運動或每週75分鐘劇烈運動,另外加上2次阻力訓練課程,但必須以身體能接受的強度為主
- 中等強度運動: 呼吸和心跳稍微加快、輕微流汗,運動中無法持續唱歌,但可以聊天,像是健走、騎自行車、游泳等
- 劇烈運動: 呼吸急速、心跳快、大量流汗,運動中無法持續聊天,像是快跑、拿重物爬樓梯、登山等
- 阻力訓練: 透過肌肉對抗外在阻力的方式,達到鍛鍊肌肉的效果,可以保持或增加身體肌肉量,像是舉啞鈴或礦泉水瓶等,由低阻力開始,逐漸增加
- 健康飲食: 癌症痊癒的糖友,飲食應恢復成均衡飲食的狀態,不一定需要燉補湯的食用,想吃有中藥材的燉補湯,建議跟中醫師討論身體狀況後再食用,補湯上面若有一層浮油,撈掉再飲用會較好
- 水果每日最多攝取2份:避免過量造成血糖控制不佳
- 多種顏色蔬菜:深綠色的菠菜、紅色的大番茄和橙色的胡蘿蔔等
- 富含纖維的豆類:黃豌豆、扁豆、黑豆等
- 未精製穀類:全穀物、糙米、燕麥、藜麥等
- 減少飽和、反式脂肪攝取:紅肉、加工肉類、火腿、熱狗、香腸、培根等
- 戒菸、避免過度飲酒(延伸閱讀:乾杯!乾杯!不醉不歸)
建議糖友好好規劃癌後人生,了解健康飲食的原則後,從中找到適合自己的方式,飲食上有任何疑問都應諮詢營養師!把調養身心變成日常習慣的一部份,可以幫助重拾健康、找回平衡生活!
參考文獻:
- Uptodate:The role of parenteral and enteral/oral nutritional support in patients with cancer
- Physical activity guidelines. In: Rehabilitation Issues During Cancer Treatment and Follow-Up, European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). Available at: https://oncologypro.esmo.org/education-library/esmo-handbooks/rehabilitation-issues-during-cancer-treatment-and-follow-up/Physical-Activity-Guidelines (Accessed on January 14, 2021).
- Andreyev, H.J., et al., Why do patients with weight loss have a worse outcome when undergoing chemotherapy for gastrointestinal malignancies? Eur J Cancer, 1998. 34(4): p. 503-9.
- Dewys, W.D., et al., Prognostic effect of weight loss prior to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Med, 1980. 69(4): p. 491-7.
- Senesse, P., et al., Nutritional support during oncologic treatment of patients with gastrointestinal cancer: who could benefit? Cancer Treat Rev, 2008. 34(6): p. 568-75.
- Barret, M., et al., Nutritional status affects treatment tolerability and survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: results of an AGEO prospective multicenter study. Oncology, 2011. 81(5-6): p. 395-402.
- Jagoe, R.T., T.H. Goodship, and G.J. Gibson, The influence of nutritional status on complications after operations for lung cancer. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001. 71(3): p. 936-43.
- Rey-Ferro, M., et al., Nutritional and immunologic evaluation of patients with gastric cancer before and after surgery. Nutrition, 1997. 13(10): p. 878-81.
- Salas, S., et al., Nutritional factors as predictors of response to radio-chemotherapy and survival in unresectable squamous head and neck carcinoma. Radiother Oncol, 2008. 87(2): p. 195-200.